Das Insekt mit vier Beinen (3. Mose 11,20)
In den Kaschrut (den jüdischen Speisegesetzen) ist von einem geflügelten Kleintier die Rede, das auf allen Vieren geht.
Da alle fliegenden Insekten sechs Beine haben, stellt sich die Frage, welches Tier hier gemein ist?
Link: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insekten#Äußere_Anatomie
Alles geflügelte Gewürm, das auf Vieren geht, soll euch ein Greuel sein.
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Lösungsvorschläge
(vor 2 Jahren)
Erklärungsmöglichkeit:
1.) es wird hier in dem Vers zwischen den 4 vorderen Füßen (primär zum Laufen) und den 2 hinteren (auch zum Springen) unterschieden (d.h. ggf. deshalb präzisiert nur manche Insekten wie bspw. Heuschrecken gemeint):
„The Bible in Leviticus 11:21 indicates that the hind jumping legs are not included in the four “walking” or “creeping” feet. The feet are the four front limbs used for walking and look the same. The back two limbs are primarily for long hops. Although today, people lump them all together and say there are six legs, the Bible distinguished them here. The Bible referred to them in more detail than perhaps expected. Notice how the feet and legs are separated in the verses and referred to separately. The Bible is being very precise as to distinguish the front four from the back two. So, there is no contradiction at all: Leviticus 11:20-23 refers only to the insects with these specific feet-leg combinations that have wings. Now, I know you’re wondering . . . did any Israelites actually eat these insects? Look up Matthew 3:4 and Mark 1:6!“
https://answersingenesis.org/bible-characters/moses/two-missing-legs/
2.) es handelt sich dabei evtl. um ein unpräzises nicht wörtlich gemeintes Idiom (Wortprägung/ Sprichwort) aus der damaligen Zeit generell für nicht aufrechtes Gehen (d.h. quasi alles was kriecht und mehr als 2 Beine hat):
„Scholars will agree that Leviticus 11:20-23 is a command to not eat the majority of insects. The phrase "flying creeping things" is a reference to insects which fly in general, such as beetles, some ants and many more insects. The phrase "on all fours" is an expression for those with legs which walk. Skeptics have tried to paint this as a Bible error, but this is a big stretch. The phrase "all fours" is an idiom for walking (with the exception of humans, birds and a few others which walk on two legs. To say that the Israelites were unaware that insects had six legs or that the writer of Leviticus made a scientific error of not knowing insects have six legs is to look for a mistake where there is none. Obviously the writer of Leviticus knew that insects have six legs and also obviously Jewish writers used idioms freely.“